Keverian & Company Inc.
Advanced Solutions for the Training and Simulation Industry
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Keverian & Company Inc. offers full integration services which include designing and manufacturing full simulators, designing and building satellite imagery based visual databases, Multigen(tm) Creator - 3D modeling and Image processing for satellite imagery
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Sample Output  
Sample Output
 
  • Single Source
  • Multiple Source
  • Multiple Band
  • Map / Image Blend
  • Elevation Data
  •  
     
    Single Source
     

    These examples show products produced with EarthWhere™ from a single source of imagery data. Single source refers to the type of sensor used to collect one or several images.

     

    Aerial Orthographic Mosaic over San Diego Convention Center
     
    Click to enlarge

    Source:
    6-inch resolution aerial imagery from Emerge

    EarthWhere™ combined and then clipped the 4 individual images from Emerge to create one new image (mosaic). It also preserved the 6-inch resolution and radiometry from the 4 source images.

       

    Satellite Image over Coronado Island, California
     
    Click to enlarge

    Source:
    0.61-meter resolution Quickbird imagery from DigitalGlobe

    This full resolution clip is from one QuickBird scene over San Diego. DigitalGlobe's QuickBird satellite has the industry leading capability to provide imagery at 61-centimeter panchromatic and 2.44-meter multispectral resolutions.

       

    Digital Ortho Quad Mosaic — Cheeseman Lake, Colorado
     
    Click to enlarge Source:
    1 meter-resolution DOQ from the USGS

    EarthWhere™ created this mosaic from 4 DOQQ (Digital Ortho Quarter Quads) from the USGS. We used a special “DOQ Matching” feature to produce a more consistent tonal balance within the final image. The DOQs were also combined using a linear-feathering technique that removes the hard edges where the images join.

       
     
    Digital Raster Graphic Map Mosaic — Cheeseman Lake, Colorado
     
    Click to enlarge Source:
    1:24,000 scale DRG Topographical Maps from the USGS

    This mosaic was created from 2 DRG topographical maps from the USGS.

    The new file preserved the 1:24,000 scale.

       
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    Multiple Source
     

    The following examples show how EarthWhere™ can combine data from different sources to create a composite image.

     

    Aerial & Satellite Imagery combined with a Map — Downtown San Diego
     
    Click to enlarge

    Source:
    6-inch resolution aerial imagery from Emerge (bottom center)
    0.61-meter resolution Quickbird imagery from DigitalGlobe
    1:24,000 scale DRG Topographical Map from the USGS (right)

    We created this image using the "A over B" combiner method with the highest-resolution imagery (the 6-inch aerial) on top, followed by the Quickbird satellite imagery, and then the DRG Map on the bottom. EarthWhere™ automatically aligns the imagery with the map.

       

    Aerial Imagery combined with a Map — Coronado Island, California
     
    Click to enlarge

    Source:
    1 meter-resolution imagery from AerialsExpress (top)
    1:24,000 scale DRG Topographical Map from the USGS (right)

    We also created this image using the "A over B" combiner method, placing the 1-meter aerial imagery on the top of the map.

       

    Two sources of Satellite Imagery combined with a Map — San Diego, California
     
    Click to enlarge Source:
    1-meter satellite IKONOS imagery from Space Imaging (bottom center)
    Landsat 7 pansharpened to 5-meter with IRS by ImageLinks (top)
    1:250,000 scale DRG Topographical Map from the USGS (bottom)

    The image at the top of this multiple-source composite is a Landsat 7, 30-meter image sharpened to 5 meters by ImageLinks, using IRS 5-meter imagery. The imagery in the bottom center is a full IKONOS 1-meter scene. EarthWhere™ combined both of the satellite images with a USGS 1:250,000 foot scale map using its "A over B" combiner method.

       
     
    Satellite Imagery combined with 4 Maps — Southern California
     
    Click to enlarge Source:
    Landsat 7 pansharpened to 15-meter by ImageLinks (center left)
    1:100,000 scale DRG Topographical Map from the USGS

    The image in this example is from the Landsat 7 satellite sharpened to 15 meters by ImageLinks. In this example, the image covers one geocell (1 degree x 1 degree) and was combined with 4 USGS 1:100,000 foot scale maps using EarthWhere’s "A over B" combiner method.

       
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    Multiple Band
     

    These examples show how different band combinations can be used with the same image for different purposes. They were created with EarthWhere™ using the same Landsat 7 ETM+ 7-band source image over Southern California. ETM+ bands are collected from seven separate regions in the electromagnetic spectrum. Four commonly used band combinations are illustrated in these examples.

     

    Bands 3, 2, 1 — Natural Color
     
    Click to enlarge

    Source:
    35-meter resolution satellite image from USGS Landsat 7 ETM+

    This true-color (Red, Green, Blue) band combination creates a natural looking image. The visible bands (3,2,1) penetrate shallow water and detail water turbidity, currents, bathymetry, and sediment plumes. In general, dark blues in the ocean indicate deeper water while light blues mean shallower water. Healthy vegetation appears in shades of green, and soils appear as browns and tans.

       

    Bands 4, 3, 2, — Color Infrared
     
    Click to enlarge

    Source:
    35-meter resolution satellite image from USGS Landsat 7 ETM+

    This image combines near-infrared Band 4 with visible Bands 3 and 2. Using Band 4 results in more defined water boundaries than the Natural Color 3,2,1 image above. Band 4 senses peak chlorophyll reflectance as various tones of red, which enables information about the conditions and variety of vegetation to be analyzed. Generally, deeper reds indicate broad leaf and/or healthy vegetation while lighter reds signify grassland and/or sparsely vegetated areas.

       

    Bands 4, 5, 3 — Moisture Analysis
     
    Click to enlarge Source:
    35-meter resolution satellite image from USGS Landsat 7 ETM+

    This combination of near-infrared Band 4, mid-infrared Band 5 and visible Band 3 provides better definition of land-water boundaries and highlights subtle details not readily apparent in the visible bands alone. Inland lakes and streams can be located with greater precision when more infrared bands are used. With this band combination, vegetation type and conditions show as variations in hue (browns, greens, and oranges) as well as tone. The 4,5, 3 band combination demonstrates moisture differences and is useful for analysis of soil and vegetation conditions. Generally, the wetter the soil, the darker it appears. Urban areas appear in varying shades of magenta.

       
     
    Bands 7, 4, 2
     
    Click to enlarge Source:
    35-meter resolution satellite image from USGS Landsat 7 ETM+

    This is a combination of mid-infrared Band 7, near-infrared Band 4, and visible Band 2. The 7,4,2 combination retains the benefits of the infrared bands yet presents vegetation in familiar green tones. Mid-infrared Band 7 helps discriminate moisture content in both vegetations and soils. Grasslands appear as light green; olive green-to-bright green normally indicates forested areas.


       
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    Map/Image Blend
     

    The following examples show how EarthWhere™ can blend a map with an image to create a map/image blend.

     

    Aerial Orthographic Image — Coronado Island Bridge, California
     
    Click to enlarge

    Source:
    1-meter resolution imagery from AerialsExpress

    This one-meter resolution aerial orthographic photograph is from one AerialsExpress scene over San Diego.


       

    Digital Raster Graphic Map — Coronado Island Bridge, California
     
    Click to enlarge

    Source:
    1:24,000 scale DRG Topographical Maps from the USGS

    This 1:24,000 scale DRG Topographical Map was cut from the same area of interest as the Aerial Image above. Deselecting the mosaic option caused EarthWhere™ to output both the image and the map simultaneously.


       

    Map/Image Blend
     
    Click to enlarge Source:
    1-meter resolution imagery from AerialsExpress
    1:24,000 scale DRG Topographical Maps from the USGS

    Changing the combiner method to "Map/Image" caused EarthWhere™ to produce a new file consisting of both the image and the map. The user can adjust the percentage of map and image they want to see in their output. For this example, the map was set to 25% and the image was set to 75%.

       
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    Elevation Data
     

    The following examples were produced from elevation data. Elevation data, collected by aircraft and satellites, represents the elevation height of points on the Earth. Elevation data are often referred to as a "Digital Elevation Model" or DEM data.

     

    DEM — State of Colorado
     
    Click to enlarge

    Source:
    90-meter DTED from NIMA

    EarthWhere™ created this image using 35 DTED (Digital Terrain Elevation Data) files. The difference in the grayscale color represents elevation, darker color indicates lower elevation while lighter color indicates higher elevation.

       

    Color DEM — State of Colorado
     
    Click to enlarge

    Source:
    90-meter DTED from NIMA

    EarthWhere™ created this image using 35 DTED files. Color for a specific elevation is applied using a predetermined color table. For this example, dark green indicates between 3,000 to 3,500 feet, while white indicates over 12,000 feet.

       

    Shaded Relief — State of Colorado
     
    Click to enlarge Source:
    90-meter DTED from NIMA

    EarthWhere™ created this image using 35 DTED files. The "Shaded Relief" option was used to introduce a light source that produces shadows.

       
     
    Color Shaded Relief — State of Colorado
     
    Click to enlarge Source:
    90-meter DTED from NIMA

    EarthWhere™ created this image using 35 DTED files. This example used both the color table corresponding to specific elevation and the "Shaded Relief" option to produce a colorized, shaded relief image.

       
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    Click on the Photos
    Clicking on the photos to the right will give you a more detailed look at the output generated by EarthWhere.  page
     
     
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